Educational articles on smart contract security topics. Written by our team to help developers and protocol teams understand common vulnerability patterns and mitigation strategies.
Reentrancy
DeFi
Educational
Understanding Reentrancy: From the DAO Hack to Modern DeFi
HasFocus Research · 2026
An educational overview of reentrancy vulnerabilities in Solidity smart contracts. We trace the evolution from the classic 2016 DAO exploit through modern cross-contract, read-only, and governance reentrancy variants, and discuss effective mitigation strategies for each category.
An educational guide to the security challenges in cross-chain bridge design. We cover validator management, message verification, token accounting, and operational security -- the four pillars of bridge security.
A Practical Guide to Formal Verification for Smart Contracts
HasFocus Research · 2025
Formal verification provides mathematical guarantees that specified properties hold for all possible inputs. This guide introduces the concept, surveys available tools (Certora, Halmos, HEVM), and provides practical advice on what properties to verify in DeFi protocols.